Shoulder Luxation

Shoulder luxation means a dislocated shoulder.

This is quite rare in dogs and cats, and is usually caused by a traumatic event such as a fall, landing awkwardly, or being hit by a motor vehicle. Whippet / Lurcher type dogs are particularly prone; in such dogs, the luxation can be caused by only relatively minor trauma.

WHAT ARE THE SIGNS OF SHOULDER LUXATION?

Almost always, the signs of shoulder luxation are sudden onset severe to non-weight bearing lameness of the affected forelimb; usually caused by a traumatic event.

INVESTIGATION OF SHOULER LUXATION

If we are suspicious that your pet is suffering from a luxated shoulder, investigation involves:

• Clinical examination of your pet; a dislocated shoulder can be strongly suspected from a physical examination
• Followed by sedation for shoulder X-rays or CT scan.

TREATMENT OF SHOULDER LUXATION

If your pet is diagnosed with a dislocated shoulder, a variety of treatment options are available; but the right choice for you and your pet depends on a number of factors which we would discus and recommend the best option for your pet.

Treatment options include:

1. Non-surgical (closed reduction); this means manipulating the shoulder back into position, and possibly using a dressing or splint for several week to help keep the shoulder in the correct position and stop repeat dislocation.
2. Surgical stabilisation (open reduction). There are several techniques that can be used to stabilise a dislocated shoulder. They all have advantages and disadvantages and are appropriate/indicated in different circumstances. Options include:
   • placing an encircling suture
   • reconstructing the collateral ligaments
   • biceps tendon transposition; all things being equal
   • or placing a temporary trans-articular plate which is removed after 6 to 8 weeks
3. Salvage surgery: if stabilisation surgery as above is not appropriate e.g. because of joint conformation, deformity, pre-existing arthritis or fracture, then salvage surgery may be recommended. This will either be:
   • Shoulder Arthrodesis (joint fusion).
   • Shoulder Excision Arthroplasty (removal of the joint surfaces)

Expected outcome is excellent, with a normal, pain-free range of joint movement and function expected. Most dogs will use the operated leg within a few days of surgery; have a mild to moderate lameness by 2 months post-op and be free of lameness and exercising normally by 4 month post-op.

Dogs or cats recovering from this condition should have significant improvement in limb function and able to comfortably walk, sit, climbing stairs, stand, run, getting into a car, play and exercise; normal to near-normal function can be expected.